Plant trait responses to grazing – a global synthesis
Identifieur interne : 009111 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 009110; suivant : 009112Plant trait responses to grazing – a global synthesis
Auteurs : Sandra Díaz ; Sandra Lavorel ; Sue Mcintyre ; Valeria Falczuk ; Fernando Casanoves ; Daniel G. Milchunas ; Christina Skarpe ; Graciela Rusch ; Marcelo Sternberg ; Imanuel Noy-Meir ; Jill Landsberg ; Wei Zhang ; Harry Clark ; Bruce D. Campbell [Nouvelle-Zélande]Source :
- Global Change Biology [ 1354-1013 ] ; 2007-02.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Argentine.
- topic : Biologie, Biomasse, écologie, écosystème, Surface en herbe.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acta, American midland naturalist, American naturalist, Annual graminoid, Annual plants, Anpp, Argentina, Arid environments, Association test, Attribute, Australian journal, Authors journal compilation, Bakker, Biological conservation, Biology, Biomass, Blackwell, Blackwell publishing, Bluntisham books, Briske, Cabido, Calcareous, Calcareous grasslands, Calcareous grasslands ecology, Canopy, Canopy height, Central asia, Central europe, Common response, Conceptual models, Contd, Dataset, Dgvms, Different combinations, Ecological, Ecological monographs, Ecology, Ecosystem, Evolutionary, Evolutionary history, Favoured, Forb, Forbs, Frequency observations, Functional traits, Generalized model, Global, Global change biology, Global scale, Graminoid, Graminoids, Grassland, Grime, Growth form, Herbaceous, Herbaceous plants, Herbivore, Herbivory, Herbivory history, Herms mattson, History forb graminoid, Humid, Humid climates, Humid systems, International rangeland congress, Landsberg, Lauenroth, Lavorel, Leafy, Legume, Legume woody, Life history, Long herbivory history, Long history, Long history forb graminoid, Mammalian herbivores, Mediterranean region, Milchunas, Milchunas lauenroth, Naturalist, Negative response, Negative responses, Null hypothesis, Oikos, Oristic diversity, Perennial, Perennial plants, Plant attributes, Plant communities, Plant ecology, Plant height, Plant response, Plant responses, Plant trait response, Plant trait responses, Plant traits, Positive response, Positive responses, Precipitation, Precipitation category, Primary productivity, Prostrate, Range management, Rangeland, Regional climate, Relative frequency, Rosette, Rosette stoloniferous tussock, Savanna, Short herbivory history, Short history, Short plants, Shrub, Southern africa, Species composition, Species richness, Steppe, Stoloniferous, Stoloniferous tussock, Tall plants, Total number, Trait, Trait response, Tussock, Ungrazed, Ungulate, Universidad nacional, Unpalatable, Unpalatable plants, Vegetatio, Vegetation, Vegetation change, Vegetation dynamics, Vegetation models, Vegetation science, Wardle bardgett, Westoby, Wild ungulates, Woody, Woody plants, Zealand journal.
- Teeft :
- Acta, American midland naturalist, American naturalist, Annual graminoid, Annual plants, Anpp, Argentina, Arid environments, Association test, Attribute, Australian journal, Authors journal compilation, Bakker, Biological conservation, Biology, Biomass, Blackwell, Blackwell publishing, Bluntisham books, Briske, Cabido, Calcareous, Calcareous grasslands, Calcareous grasslands ecology, Canopy, Canopy height, Central asia, Central europe, Common response, Conceptual models, Contd, Dataset, Dgvms, Different combinations, Ecological, Ecological monographs, Ecology, Ecosystem, Evolutionary, Evolutionary history, Favoured, Forb, Forbs, Frequency observations, Functional traits, Generalized model, Global, Global change biology, Global scale, Graminoid, Graminoids, Grassland, Grime, Growth form, Herbaceous, Herbaceous plants, Herbivore, Herbivory, Herbivory history, Herms mattson, History forb graminoid, Humid, Humid climates, Humid systems, International rangeland congress, Landsberg, Lauenroth, Lavorel, Leafy, Legume, Legume woody, Life history, Long herbivory history, Long history, Long history forb graminoid, Mammalian herbivores, Mediterranean region, Milchunas, Milchunas lauenroth, Naturalist, Negative response, Negative responses, Null hypothesis, Oikos, Oristic diversity, Perennial, Perennial plants, Plant attributes, Plant communities, Plant ecology, Plant height, Plant response, Plant responses, Plant trait response, Plant trait responses, Plant traits, Positive response, Positive responses, Precipitation, Precipitation category, Primary productivity, Prostrate, Range management, Rangeland, Regional climate, Relative frequency, Rosette, Rosette stoloniferous tussock, Savanna, Short herbivory history, Short history, Short plants, Shrub, Southern africa, Species composition, Species richness, Steppe, Stoloniferous, Stoloniferous tussock, Tall plants, Total number, Trait, Trait response, Tussock, Ungrazed, Ungulate, Universidad nacional, Unpalatable, Unpalatable plants, Vegetatio, Vegetation, Vegetation change, Vegetation dynamics, Vegetation models, Vegetation science, Wardle bardgett, Westoby, Wild ungulates, Woody, Woody plants, Zealand journal.
Abstract
Herbivory by domestic and wild ungulates is a major driver of global vegetation dynamics. However, grazing is not considered in dynamic global vegetation models, or more generally in studies of the effects of environmental change on ecosystems at regional to global scale. An obstacle to this is a lack of empirical tests of several hypotheses linking plant traits with grazing. We, therefore, set out to test whether some widely recognized trait responses to grazing are consistent at the global level. We conducted a meta‐analysis of plant trait responses to grazing, based on 197 studies from all major regions of the world, and using six major conceptual models of trait response to grazing as a framework. Data were available for seven plant traits: life history, canopy height, habit, architecture, growth form (forb, graminoid, herbaceous legume, woody), palatability, and geographic origin. Covariates were precipitation and evolutionary history of herbivory. Overall, grazing favoured annual over perennial plants, short plants over tall plants, prostrate over erect plants, and stoloniferous and rosette architecture over tussock architecture. There was no consistent effect of grazing on growth form. Some response patterns were modified by particular combinations of precipitation and history of herbivory. Climatic and historical contexts are therefore essential for understanding plant trait responses to grazing. Our study identifies some key traits to be incorporated into plant functional classifications for the explicit consideration of grazing into global vegetation models used in global change research. Importantly, our results suggest that plant functional type classifications and response rules need to be specific to regions with different climate and herbivory history.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01288.x
Affiliations:
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Campbell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Hort Research Mt Albert, 120 Mt Albert Road, Private Bag 92 169, Mt Albert, Auckland</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Global Change Biology</title><title level="j" type="alt">GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY</title><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">13</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="313">313</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="341">341</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">29</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-02">2007-02</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acta</term><term>American midland naturalist</term><term>American naturalist</term><term>Annual graminoid</term><term>Annual plants</term><term>Anpp</term><term>Argentina</term><term>Arid environments</term><term>Association test</term><term>Attribute</term><term>Australian journal</term><term>Authors journal compilation</term><term>Bakker</term><term>Biological conservation</term><term>Biology</term><term>Biomass</term><term>Blackwell</term><term>Blackwell publishing</term><term>Bluntisham books</term><term>Briske</term><term>Cabido</term><term>Calcareous</term><term>Calcareous grasslands</term><term>Calcareous grasslands ecology</term><term>Canopy</term><term>Canopy height</term><term>Central asia</term><term>Central europe</term><term>Common response</term><term>Conceptual models</term><term>Contd</term><term>Dataset</term><term>Dgvms</term><term>Different combinations</term><term>Ecological</term><term>Ecological monographs</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Ecosystem</term><term>Evolutionary</term><term>Evolutionary history</term><term>Favoured</term><term>Forb</term><term>Forbs</term><term>Frequency observations</term><term>Functional traits</term><term>Generalized model</term><term>Global</term><term>Global change biology</term><term>Global scale</term><term>Graminoid</term><term>Graminoids</term><term>Grassland</term><term>Grime</term><term>Growth form</term><term>Herbaceous</term><term>Herbaceous plants</term><term>Herbivore</term><term>Herbivory</term><term>Herbivory history</term><term>Herms mattson</term><term>History forb graminoid</term><term>Humid</term><term>Humid climates</term><term>Humid systems</term><term>International rangeland congress</term><term>Landsberg</term><term>Lauenroth</term><term>Lavorel</term><term>Leafy</term><term>Legume</term><term>Legume woody</term><term>Life history</term><term>Long herbivory history</term><term>Long history</term><term>Long history forb graminoid</term><term>Mammalian herbivores</term><term>Mediterranean region</term><term>Milchunas</term><term>Milchunas lauenroth</term><term>Naturalist</term><term>Negative response</term><term>Negative responses</term><term>Null hypothesis</term><term>Oikos</term><term>Oristic diversity</term><term>Perennial</term><term>Perennial plants</term><term>Plant attributes</term><term>Plant communities</term><term>Plant ecology</term><term>Plant height</term><term>Plant response</term><term>Plant responses</term><term>Plant trait response</term><term>Plant trait responses</term><term>Plant traits</term><term>Positive response</term><term>Positive responses</term><term>Precipitation</term><term>Precipitation category</term><term>Primary productivity</term><term>Prostrate</term><term>Range management</term><term>Rangeland</term><term>Regional climate</term><term>Relative frequency</term><term>Rosette</term><term>Rosette stoloniferous tussock</term><term>Savanna</term><term>Short herbivory history</term><term>Short history</term><term>Short plants</term><term>Shrub</term><term>Southern africa</term><term>Species composition</term><term>Species richness</term><term>Steppe</term><term>Stoloniferous</term><term>Stoloniferous tussock</term><term>Tall plants</term><term>Total number</term><term>Trait</term><term>Trait response</term><term>Tussock</term><term>Ungrazed</term><term>Ungulate</term><term>Universidad nacional</term><term>Unpalatable</term><term>Unpalatable plants</term><term>Vegetatio</term><term>Vegetation</term><term>Vegetation change</term><term>Vegetation dynamics</term><term>Vegetation models</term><term>Vegetation science</term><term>Wardle bardgett</term><term>Westoby</term><term>Wild ungulates</term><term>Woody</term><term>Woody plants</term><term>Zealand journal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Acta</term><term>American midland naturalist</term><term>American naturalist</term><term>Annual graminoid</term><term>Annual plants</term><term>Anpp</term><term>Argentina</term><term>Arid environments</term><term>Association test</term><term>Attribute</term><term>Australian journal</term><term>Authors journal compilation</term><term>Bakker</term><term>Biological conservation</term><term>Biology</term><term>Biomass</term><term>Blackwell</term><term>Blackwell publishing</term><term>Bluntisham books</term><term>Briske</term><term>Cabido</term><term>Calcareous</term><term>Calcareous grasslands</term><term>Calcareous grasslands ecology</term><term>Canopy</term><term>Canopy height</term><term>Central asia</term><term>Central europe</term><term>Common response</term><term>Conceptual models</term><term>Contd</term><term>Dataset</term><term>Dgvms</term><term>Different combinations</term><term>Ecological</term><term>Ecological monographs</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Ecosystem</term><term>Evolutionary</term><term>Evolutionary history</term><term>Favoured</term><term>Forb</term><term>Forbs</term><term>Frequency observations</term><term>Functional traits</term><term>Generalized model</term><term>Global</term><term>Global change biology</term><term>Global scale</term><term>Graminoid</term><term>Graminoids</term><term>Grassland</term><term>Grime</term><term>Growth form</term><term>Herbaceous</term><term>Herbaceous plants</term><term>Herbivore</term><term>Herbivory</term><term>Herbivory history</term><term>Herms mattson</term><term>History forb graminoid</term><term>Humid</term><term>Humid climates</term><term>Humid systems</term><term>International rangeland congress</term><term>Landsberg</term><term>Lauenroth</term><term>Lavorel</term><term>Leafy</term><term>Legume</term><term>Legume woody</term><term>Life history</term><term>Long herbivory history</term><term>Long history</term><term>Long history forb graminoid</term><term>Mammalian herbivores</term><term>Mediterranean region</term><term>Milchunas</term><term>Milchunas lauenroth</term><term>Naturalist</term><term>Negative response</term><term>Negative responses</term><term>Null hypothesis</term><term>Oikos</term><term>Oristic diversity</term><term>Perennial</term><term>Perennial plants</term><term>Plant attributes</term><term>Plant communities</term><term>Plant ecology</term><term>Plant height</term><term>Plant response</term><term>Plant responses</term><term>Plant trait response</term><term>Plant trait responses</term><term>Plant traits</term><term>Positive response</term><term>Positive responses</term><term>Precipitation</term><term>Precipitation category</term><term>Primary productivity</term><term>Prostrate</term><term>Range management</term><term>Rangeland</term><term>Regional climate</term><term>Relative frequency</term><term>Rosette</term><term>Rosette stoloniferous tussock</term><term>Savanna</term><term>Short herbivory history</term><term>Short history</term><term>Short plants</term><term>Shrub</term><term>Southern africa</term><term>Species composition</term><term>Species richness</term><term>Steppe</term><term>Stoloniferous</term><term>Stoloniferous tussock</term><term>Tall plants</term><term>Total number</term><term>Trait</term><term>Trait response</term><term>Tussock</term><term>Ungrazed</term><term>Ungulate</term><term>Universidad nacional</term><term>Unpalatable</term><term>Unpalatable plants</term><term>Vegetatio</term><term>Vegetation</term><term>Vegetation change</term><term>Vegetation dynamics</term><term>Vegetation models</term><term>Vegetation science</term><term>Wardle bardgett</term><term>Westoby</term><term>Wild ungulates</term><term>Woody</term><term>Woody plants</term><term>Zealand journal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Argentine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Biologie</term><term>Biomasse</term><term>écologie</term><term>écosystème</term><term>Surface en herbe</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Herbivory by domestic and wild ungulates is a major driver of global vegetation dynamics. However, grazing is not considered in dynamic global vegetation models, or more generally in studies of the effects of environmental change on ecosystems at regional to global scale. An obstacle to this is a lack of empirical tests of several hypotheses linking plant traits with grazing. We, therefore, set out to test whether some widely recognized trait responses to grazing are consistent at the global level. We conducted a meta‐analysis of plant trait responses to grazing, based on 197 studies from all major regions of the world, and using six major conceptual models of trait response to grazing as a framework. Data were available for seven plant traits: life history, canopy height, habit, architecture, growth form (forb, graminoid, herbaceous legume, woody), palatability, and geographic origin. Covariates were precipitation and evolutionary history of herbivory. Overall, grazing favoured annual over perennial plants, short plants over tall plants, prostrate over erect plants, and stoloniferous and rosette architecture over tussock architecture. There was no consistent effect of grazing on growth form. Some response patterns were modified by particular combinations of precipitation and history of herbivory. Climatic and historical contexts are therefore essential for understanding plant trait responses to grazing. Our study identifies some key traits to be incorporated into plant functional classifications for the explicit consideration of grazing into global vegetation models used in global change research. Importantly, our results suggest that plant functional type classifications and response rules need to be specific to regions with different climate and herbivory history.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Casanoves, Fernando" sort="Casanoves, Fernando" uniqKey="Casanoves F" first="Fernando" last="Casanoves">Fernando Casanoves</name><name sortKey="Clark, Harry" sort="Clark, Harry" uniqKey="Clark H" first="Harry" last="Clark">Harry Clark</name><name sortKey="Diaz, Sandra" sort="Diaz, Sandra" uniqKey="Diaz S" first="Sandra" last="Díaz">Sandra Díaz</name><name sortKey="Falczuk, Valeria" sort="Falczuk, Valeria" uniqKey="Falczuk V" first="Valeria" last="Falczuk">Valeria Falczuk</name><name sortKey="Landsberg, Jill" sort="Landsberg, Jill" uniqKey="Landsberg J" first="Jill" last="Landsberg">Jill Landsberg</name><name sortKey="Lavorel, Sandra" sort="Lavorel, Sandra" uniqKey="Lavorel S" first="Sandra" last="Lavorel">Sandra Lavorel</name><name sortKey="Mcintyre, Sue" sort="Mcintyre, Sue" uniqKey="Mcintyre S" first="Sue" last="Mcintyre">Sue Mcintyre</name><name sortKey="Milchunas, Daniel G" sort="Milchunas, Daniel G" uniqKey="Milchunas D" first="Daniel G." last="Milchunas">Daniel G. Milchunas</name><name sortKey="Noy Eir, Imanuel" sort="Noy Eir, Imanuel" uniqKey="Noy Eir I" first="Imanuel" last="Noy-Meir">Imanuel Noy-Meir</name><name sortKey="Rusch, Graciela" sort="Rusch, Graciela" uniqKey="Rusch G" first="Graciela" last="Rusch">Graciela Rusch</name><name sortKey="Skarpe, Christina" sort="Skarpe, Christina" uniqKey="Skarpe C" first="Christina" last="Skarpe">Christina Skarpe</name><name sortKey="Sternberg, Marcelo" sort="Sternberg, Marcelo" uniqKey="Sternberg M" first="Marcelo" last="Sternberg">Marcelo Sternberg</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Wei" sort="Zhang, Wei" uniqKey="Zhang W" first="Wei" last="Zhang">Wei Zhang</name></noCountry><country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Campbell, Bruce D" sort="Campbell, Bruce D" uniqKey="Campbell B" first="Bruce D." last="Campbell">Bruce D. Campbell</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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